ENGLISH KA MAHASAGAR BY ADV.PANKAJ JOSHI

  Today question  Define contract  State the essential element of a valid contract ? The term contract is derived from Latin word contractum which means drawn together.a contract brings or draws the parties together and establishes legal relationship between them .an agreement which can be enforced through the cou9rts of law is called a contract . Ok Essential elements of a valid contract  A . offer and acceptance   There must be lawful offer by one party and lawful acceptance by another party . B. intension to create legal relationship   The parties must keep intention of legal relationship if there is no intention of legal relations otherwise such contract will become social  agreement only . Case Balfour v/s Balfour   C. lawful consideration   An agreement must be supported by lawful consideration.consideration means something in return without lawful consideration any agreement is void . Example a promise b for public services for 50 k...

     CORNER stone class number 23  If improbable condition  1.if +sub+had+V3+ob,sub+could have/would have +V3+object कर सकता था/हो सकता था  Passive voice If +ob+had been +V3+by sub,ob +would have been/could have been +V3+by sub  हो सकता था  यह शर्त भुत काल से संबंधित है इस शर्त मे काम होते‌ होते रहे जाता है इसका मतलब होगा हो सकता था  यदि had को पहले रख दिया जाये तो वाक्य के अर्थ पर कोई अंतर नहीं आयेगा केवल लिखने पर अंतर आयेगा इसको inversion कहा जाता है। Had+sub+V3+ob,sub+would have/could have +V3+ob. ********************* General sentences  1.if I had toiled body and soul  ,I would have become an IAS  officer. 2.if you had  kept pity for me  ,you would have helped me in my adversity  3.if my neighbour had harassed me ,I would have lodged an FIR against him for theft  4.if they had beaten him mercilessly ,he would have  lunged at him with a dagger 5.if  you had given him two square meal a day t...

   Past continuous  Sub+was/were+V4+object He/she/it/any singular ---was+V4 You/we /they/plural ----were+v4 General sentences  1.he was eating an Apple 🍎 on an elephant 🐘 in the morning . 2.she was churning up  बिलौना curd दही  in a mud house  कच्चा मकान 3.you were offering oblation प्रसाद  चढ़ाना before lord Ganesha on Wednesday. 4.i was boarding on a bus to go to Village  5.my younger brother was playing football in street with his chums बचपन के दोस्त 6. A stranger was knocking at my door to get help in night  7.my neighbour was laving धोना his car with excessive water in garden  8.you was cheating him in the name of pesky calls . परेशान करने वाली काल्स  9.some children were begging out side my house in torn clothes 10.a doctor was cheating the people in the name of fake treatment नकली इलाज  ************* Special sentence  1.दयालु लोग घायलों को क्षत-विक्षत बस से निकाल रहे थे ।लोग दर्द से कराह रहे थे । 2.घायलो के घ...

RJS SEMINAR 2026 RAJASTHALI LAW INSTITUTE  1 FEBRUARY 2026 adv.pankaj joshi 902477287  

    Sub+had+V3+object Object+had been +V3+by sub 1. 4 दिन पहले कच्ची बस्ती में साबुत कंबल  और खाने योग्य चीजों का वितरण किया गया था। आधे  भुखे  और आधे नंगे  बच्चे मजबुत प्रजातंत्र का कमजोर पक्ष है The comestible things and intact blankets had been distributed in shanty town before four days .the half starved and semi nude children are grey area of robust democracy. 2.  पुश्तैनी दुश्मनी के कारण उसके स्वादिष्ट  खाने में जहर मिलाया गया था। वह जिंदगी और मौत के बीच में झूल रहा था His delectable food had been laced poison due to family feud  He is Hovering between life and death. 3. नकली शराब सहित एक जर्जर  ट्रक को 4 दिन पहले जप्त कर लिया गया था  शराबी ड्राइवर घटनास्थल से फरार हो गया था The hooch with a wonky truck had been impounded before four days but  boozer driver had absconded from spot. 4. ज्ञान की कमी  कारण एक गंभीर के केस बिगाड़ दिया गया था। यह कहावत समय की कसौटी पर खरी उतरती है कि अधजल गगरी छलकत जाए A serious case had ...

   Corner stone  🪨 class number 19  ******************* Topic----future indefinite  Sub+will +v1 +object Object+Will be+V3+by sub  **************** 1. लोगों को बेवकूफ बनाने के लिए एक झूठी भविष्यवाणी की जाएगी रूढ़िवादी लोग अंधविश्वास और  मिथ्या  धारणाओं पर भरोसा करेंगे। A fake prediction will be predicted to befool the people.the orthodox people will rely on superstitions and myths . Fake+fictitious+fabricated 2. फटे हुए और मैले कुचैले  कपड़ों के कारण एक भव्य पार्टी  में तुम्हारा  अपमान होगा। You will be humiliated in a Grandeur party due to torn and scruffy clothes  Insult+humiliate+mortify 3. शानदार समारोह में तुम्हारे  ज्ञानी और विद्वान पिताजी का उनकी विद्वता के कारण सम्मान होगा। Your sapient and erudite father Will be esteemed in  elegant ceremony due to.his eruditeness. 4. विचित्र परंपराओं को बचाने के लिए अश्लील फिल्मों पर प्रतिबंध लगाया जाएगा। युवा नहीं जानते  कि उनका भला बुरा किसमें है। The steamy movies w...

    Corner 🪨 stone class number 20 passive of future perfect Sub+will have+V3+object Object + will have+been+V3+by sub. ********************* Simple sentences  1.उसकी बुरे चरीत्र के कारण उसको महाविद्यालय से निकाला जा चुका होगा। 2.चोरी के कारण एक चोर को कैद किया जा चुका होगा । 3. घातक बीमारी के कारण मेरे पड़ोसी को  आई सी यु में शिफ्ट किया जा चुका होगा  4. भारी बारीश के कारण एक महत्वपूर्ण मींटीग को  स्थगित किया जा चुका होगा  5.खडी फसलों को हंसिया से काटा जा चुका होगा  6.लापरवाही के कारण उसकी नयी कार चोरी हो चुकी होगी 7.घिनौने अपराध के कारण उसको न्यायिक हिरासत में भेजा जा चुका होगा  8. अत्यधिक पैसे के कारण उसकी जमानत हो चुकी होगी  9.बीमारी के कारण उसको नौकरी से निकाला जा चुका होगा  10.भारी बारीश के बावजूद उसको दफनाया जा चुका होगा । 1.गहरी अंधेरी रात में उस पर एक धारदार  खंजर से वार हो चुका होगा।उसके  घावों से अथाह खुन बह चुका होगा। He will have been lunged at  with a grinded sword  in dark pitch night .profuse bloo...

    Section 51 of the Code of Civil Procedure   (CPC) gives the court powers to enforce a decree, including by means such as attachment, sale, appointment of a receiver, or  arrest and detention of  the judgment debtor to compel payment of money, but requires  a show cause notice   before arrest and detention    to ensure fairness and to establish that the debtor has the means to pay and is deliberately avoiding the payment.   Main provisions of section 51:  Modes of  execution  :  The court may adopt several modes for execution of the decree, such as: Assignment of property:   Assignment of a particular property (such as a piece of land) to the decree holder. Attachment and Sale:   Attachment and sale of property and the proceeds from which the decree is to be paid. Arrest and Detention:   Arresting and detaining the judgment-debtor to secure payment of money (but this is ...