Section from 183 to

 Flow chart of 183 


Flow Chart of Section 183 BNSS

“Recording of Confessions and Statements”

(Equivalent to old Section 164 CrPC)


Investigation Starts

        │

        ▼

Person/Accused willing to make

Confession or Statement

        │

        ▼

Produced before Judicial Magistrate

        │

        ▼

Magistrate verifies:

• No police pressure

• Statement is voluntary

• Person understands consequences

        │

        ▼

Magistrate warns accused:

“You are not bound to confess.

If you confess, it may be used against you.”

        │

        ├───────────────┐

        │               │

        ▼               ▼

Accused willing      Accused refuses

to confess           to confess

        │               │

        ▼               ▼

Confession recorded   Magistrate shall NOT

under prescribed      send accused to

procedure             police custody

        │

        ▼

Recorded statement signed

by maker and Magistrate

        │

        ▼

Audio-video recording

may be used

(in presence of advocate)

        │

        ▼

Special Cases:

• Sexual offences

• Disabled victims/witnesses

→ Interpreter/Special educator

→ Preferably woman Magistrate

→ AV recording preferred

        │

        ▼

Statement forwarded to

Trial/Inquiry Magistrate

        │

        ▼

Used during Trial as Evidence

Key Points of Section 183 BNSS

Confession must be voluntary


Only Judicial Magistrate can record confession


Police officer cannot record confession


Audio-video recording permitted


Special protection for victims of sexual offences and disabled persons



*************************************


Flow chart of section 184 


Flow Chart of Section 184 BNSS

Medical Examination of Victim of Rape

Information of rape / attempt to rape received

                    │

                    ▼

      Investigation starts by Police

                    │

                    ▼

Need for medical examination of victim

                    │

                    ▼

Consent of woman / competent person obtained

                    │

                    ▼

Victim sent within 24 hours to:

Registered Medical Practitioner

(Government/Local Authority Hospital)

        │

        └──► If unavailable → Any Registered Medical Practitioner

                    │

                    ▼

Medical Examination conducted

                    │

                    ▼

Doctor prepares detailed report containing:

• Name & address of victim

• Age

• DNA samples collected

• Injury marks

• Mental condition

• Other relevant particulars

                    │

                    ▼

Report must mention:

• Reasons for conclusions

• Consent obtained

• Exact start & end time of examination

                    │

                    ▼

Doctor forwards report within 7 days

to Investigating Officer

                    │

                    ▼

Investigating Officer forwards report

to Magistrate under Section 193 BNSS

Key Points

Consent is mandatory.


Examination must respect dignity and privacy.


Medical examination should be done within 24 hours.


Report to be sent within 7 days.

*********************


Flow chart of section 185 


Flow Chart of Section 185 BNSS

“Search by Police Officer”

Information / Suspicion during Investigation

                │

                ▼

Police Officer has reasonable grounds

that important evidence is present

at a place within jurisdiction

                │

                ▼

Will delay in getting warrant

harm investigation?

                │

        ┌───────┴────────┐

        │                │

       Yes               No

        │                │

        ▼                ▼

Officer records reasons   Obtain normal

in Case Diary             search warrant

and specifies item/place

to be searched

        │

        ▼

Search conducted by officer

(preferably personally)

        │

        ▼

Search must be audio-video recorded

(preferably by mobile phone)

        │

        ▼

If officer cannot search personally

        │

        ▼

Written order given to subordinate officer

with details of place/item

        │

        ▼

Search conducted as per Section 103 BNSS

(general search procedure)

        │

        ▼

Search record sent to nearest Magistrate

within 48 hours

        │

        ▼

Owner/occupier can obtain copy

free of cost from Magistrate

Key Points of Section 185 BNSS

Police can search without warrant in urgent situations.


Reasons must be recorded in writing.


Audio-video recording of search is mandatory/preferred.


Copy of record must reach Magistrate within 48 hours. 




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