Section 168,169 and 170

 Question 7 explain section 168,169 and 170 of Indian contract act 

Section 168 – Rights of Finder of Goods

When a person finds someone else's goods, he gets certain rights as a finder of goods.

The finder can keep the goods safely and can ask the owner to pay the reasonable expenses incurred for preserving the goods and finding the owner.

Example:
A finds a gold chain on the road. He spends ₹2,000 to keep it safely and to find its owner. When the owner is found, A can ask the owner to pay the reasonable expenses.

Section 169 – Right to Sell the Goods

A finder of goods does not normally have an unlimited right to sell the goods.

He can sell the goods only when the conditions given in Section 169 are fulfilled. For example:

  • The owner cannot be found even after reasonable efforts; or

  • The owner refuses to pay the lawful expenses; and

  • The goods are in danger of perishing or losing most of their value, or the lawful charges have reached two-thirds of the value of the goods.

Example:
A finds fresh fruits worth ₹10,000. He cannot find the owner despite reasonable efforts. The fruits are likely to become rotten quickly. In such circumstances, A may sell the fruits according to Section 169.

Section 170 – Particular Lien

Section 170 gives a particular lien to a bailee.

If a person receives goods for doing some work involving labour or skill, he can keep those goods until he receives his lawful payment.

Example:
A gives his watch to B, a watchmaker, for repair. B repairs the watch, but A does not pay the repair charges. B can keep the watch until A pays the repair charges.

This right is called particular lien.

 

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