Today question

 When consideration and object of an agreement are unlawful?


The object means the purpose of contract and consideration means something is return for promise .all agreements are contracts when consideration and object are lawful . according sec.23 of ICA the object and consideration of an agreement is unlawful in the following case 


1.where it is forbidden by law 

When the object or consideration of an agreement is forbidden by law .in this condition the agreement is void .

A promise to B that he will drop a prosecution against B for robbery .B promises to restore value of stolen things .this agreement is void  due to forbidden by law.


2.where its defeats the provision of any law 

If any object or consideration of an agreement will defeat the provisions of law then agreement is void 

A borrowed rs.10,000/ from B .A enters into an agreement that he may recover the amount after three years .so this agreement is void .


3.where it is fraudulent agreement  which are entered into on the basis of fraudulent .

A,B and C entered into an agreement to divide money of robbery .this agreement is void .


4.where it is injurious to another person or his property 

The object or consideration of an agreement which is to injured the third party .

A agrees to pay 1 lakh to B .if B kills c .this agreement is void .


5.where it is immoral 

Where the consideration or agreement is based on immoral policy .then this agreement is void 

A gives money to B to divorce her husband and A agreed to marry her as soon as obtained divorce .this is  immoral policy .


6.where it is opposed to public policy 

When any agreement is based on public policy this agreement is void 


A gives money to B to employ him in Government sector 

This is a void contract due to against public policy 



Part B

Close test 

Mass communication is the delivery  of ...........(Items,news, advertisement,cartoons) ideas and entertainment to thousands or millions of .........(people,pictures, advertisement,items) simultaneously.it is a force with incalculable .......(Worth,impact,force,value)on today's world .the .......(Dynamism ,force,success,power) of mass communication rests ...........the skills of the communicators to ...........(Stimulate ,agitate,understand,minimize) The recipient 's thinking .........(For,to,with ,from) Stir emotions.to .....(Encourage, persuade,discourage,endanger) Him or her to.........(Direction, function,action , Mission)Mass communication is the one to one impact of one human intelligence upon ............(Another, people,man ,women ) Carried on thousand fold simultaneously among individuals who have no direct personal contact .


Child labour 

Child labour is a very difficult problem for society and nation .a child labour does work in dangerous industries for his bread and butter .a Child labourer belongs to a poor family.so he does his work in risky industries .according law child labour is an offence.

The owner beats a child labourer mercilessly .he does not go to school on other hand his boozer father Beats him mercilessly.he is in between devil and deep sea ..some time he becomes an offender .some time he suffers from fatal disease .

The law and laws authority ignore this grave problem.the police do not take proper steps timely .child labour must be eradicated from society .the gratis education must be given to child labourer.in this way child labour is stigma ,scar and scourge for society .




Conditional sentences


If impossible conditions

If +sub+were/had+object

Sub+would/could+v1+ob


1.if he were  the president of India,he would forgive /pardon you .


2.if she were a prudent student ,she would take the cake.


3.if I had an expensive car ,I would drive it in drizzle/mizzle

If possible condition 

If+sub+v1/v5+on

Sub+will+v1+ob

1.if you work hard ,you will pass in your examination.


2.if you drive fast ,you will meet with a fatal accident 



3.if you molest a gorgeous girl.,she will lodge an FIR against you.



If improbable condition 

If +sub+had+v3+ob ,sub +would have/could have+v3+object

1.if you had  arrested him ,he would have given bribe to you 


2.if Ram had sold his house ,I would have purchased his house.














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